What Is Supply Chain Management Essay - 2257 Words

Ever since our emergence into the twentieth century the public has become very conscious about our effect on the environment and how companies manage their environmental foot-print. It’s because of this push from consumers about making products sustainable and he companies have had to implement their sustainable and green supply chain management (GSCM). These GSCM’s are designed to take on old supply chain management systems by reducing the environmental costs of the supply chain. However there is no one industry normal way of doing this and there are many different reasoning’s as to why a company would want to have a GSCM system. In the literature review many articles focused on GSCM will be examined to further understand were agreement son GSCM and misconceptions are. It will help show how GSCM can be implemented and what ways have been working for different organisation with examples. After reviewing the different industry ideas on GSCM recommendations will be made for future implementation What is supply chain management? Supply chain management (SCM) is the coordination and integration of the process and activities performed by organisations in their supply chain. Its purpose is to fulfil the objectives of efficiency by integrating the whole system into productive activities that provide a continuous chain, which improves the overall competitiveness of the supply chain (Kumar, Amorim, Bhattacharya, Arturo Garza-Reyes, 2016, p. 158). To add to this definition theShow MoreRelatedWhat is Supply Chain Management? Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesstagnant while led to exponential growth of continuously evolving companies. Supply chain, which was once considered a small part of operations, has now become one of the most important departments. â€Å"The term Supply chain management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities.† as quoted by the council of Supply Chain Management Professionals.[1] In current competitive environment, to attain utmostRead MoreWhat ´s Supply Chain Management?555 Words   |  2 PagesSupply chain management involves planning and coordinating the activities of organizations across the supply chain. Supply chains consist of heterogeneous subsystems with complex relationships, requiring collective effort and constraint based optimization. It consists of procuring raw materials, acquiring orders from customers, assembling the product, managing inventory and delivering the finished goods. A key function is managing complex and dynamic supply and demand networks. Efficient managementRead MoreWhat Are the Impacts of Rfid in Oil and Gas Supply Chain Management?21195 Words   |  85 PagesWHAT ARE THE IMPACTS OF RFID IN OIL AND GAS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT? CERTIFICATION STATEMENT This is to certify and say as follows, 1) That the information provided in this research paper is my own product. 2) That where languages or words or quotation from others papers such as articles, books and journals is used, such have been indicated by quotation marks and appropriate credits have been given to acknowledge the works of such writers or authors. 3) ThatRead MoreExamine the Strategic Importance of Supply Chain Management to a Manufacturing Firm. What Are the Major Types of Supply Chain Strategies Open to Such a Firm?1030 Words   |  5 PagesSCM is the management of a network of interconnected businesses (such as distributors, wholesalers and retailers) involved in the ultimate provision of product and service packages required by end customers. It spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption (supply chain). Principles of SCM are: - Internal integration of purchasing and supply, manufacturing and physical distribution management - ExternalRead MoreSupply Chain Management : Supply Chains1476 Words   |  6 Pages1.3 Supply Chain Supply chains encompass the companies and the business activities needed to design, make, deliver, and use a product or service. Businesses depend on their supply chains to provide them with what they need to survive and thrive. Every business fits into one or more supply chains and has a role to play in each of them. The pace of change and the uncertainty about how markets will evolve has made it increasingly important for companies to be aware of the supply chains they participateRead MoreImportance of Supply Chain Management Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Supply Chain Management Supply chain management (SCM) is very important and effective to all companies. David Simchi-Levi, Philip Kaminsky, and Edith Simchi-Levi defines supply chain management as â€Å"a set of approaches utilized to efficiently integrate suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, and stores, so that merchandise is produced and distributed at the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time, in order to minimize systemwide costs while satisfying serviceRead MoreIntegrated Thinking : E Business And Supply Chain Management Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesDepartment of management systems Final assignment Integrated thinking: E-business and Supply Chain Management E-business lets us turn big chunks of data into information which can be used to increase sales and allows us to share this information with our business partners via the internet. E-business uses the internet to link retailers with their suppliers and customers. Supply chain management focusses on integrating steps of the supply chain both internally and externally. E-business is usedRead MoreCompetitive Supply Chain Relationship Management Essay1416 Words   |  6 PagesCOMPETITIVE SUPPLY CHAIN RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN ORGANIZATIONS PRACTICES THROUGH COMPETITIVE PRIORITIES. Over the years, the competition landscape for most companies has shifted from the highest-quality, lowest priced product or best performing product to the ability to respond to market needs quickly and get the right product at the right time to the right customer. This has in turn forced organizations to compete with their supply chain. Understanding supply chain management and puttingRead MoreSupply Of Supply Chain Management830 Words   |  4 PagesSupply Chain Management Goal of a supply chain. According to Defining the Supply Chain, there are 5 specific goals of supply chain management. They are as follows: 1. Achieve Efficient Fulfillment – â€Å"the purpose of supply chain management is to make inventory readily available in customer facing positions to fulfill demand. The fresh produce business adage â€Å"you can’t sell from an empty wagon† highlights this fundamental purpose of supply chain management†. (Defining the Supply Chain) OrganizationsRead MoreCulture Mistakes by Pizza Hut1311 Words   |  6 Pages2010. Donovan  , R. Michael (2005).  Effective Supply Chain Management (Movahedi et al., 2009, defining supply chain management, evolution of supply chain studies Lambert, 2008) mentioned by Cooper et. al., 1997 Enclyclopedia of e-commerce (2009), definition of supply chain management 2007 – Springer; J Oleskow, M Fertsch, P Golinska, data mining as the efficient tool for the effective supply chain integration LIU.,F; study and explore the supply chain base on CRM, 10 Mar 2011   Tseng, D. S., Cox

Sleep Deprivation On College Students - 1125 Words

Topic: Sleep deprivation in college students General purpose: Inform classmates of the importance of sleep Specific Purpose: State the consequences of not getting enough sleep Thesis Statement: When the projects, exams, and extra-curricular activities start to pile up on one another it seems as though there is not enough time in the day. This is when college students tend to lose precious hours of sleep and the consequences can be costly. Organizational Pattern: topical I. Introduction A. Attention Catcher-I have tests in three of my classes this week, I have a group project due in two days that my group hasn’t started on yet, I have basketball practice from 8-10pm Monday and Wednesday, my sorority has a formal this week that I need to help coordinate and on top of that I was up till 2 in the morning last night correcting a reference page for an informative speech. I can’t possibly get all these things done in the time frame I have so what do I sacrifice? I sacrifice my sleep. B. Thesis- When the projects, exams, and extra-curricular activities start to pile up on one another it seems as though we don’t have enough time in the day. This is when college students tend to lose precious hours of sleep to catch up on their academics and extra-curricular activities and the consequences can be costly. C. Preview of Main Points- The idea of sleep seems like a pretty simple concept but there is much more behind it than just closing yourS how MoreRelatedSleep Deprivation On College Students1488 Words   |  6 Pages Sleep Deprivation in College Students Stress Management Betty Diaz August 14, 2017 Abstract A common problem in many young adults in college is sleep deprivation. College students are some of the most sleep deprived people. Their sleep hygiene behavior is worse than adults. An adequate amount of sleep time is 7 to 8 hours each night to complete a regular sleep cycle. When college students have less sleep time, they are disturbing their sleeping cycle and their bodies respond by decreasing theirRead MoreSleep Deprivation of College Students1197 Words   |  5 PagesSleep Deprivation of college students It is 11:30 in the morning and the lecture started half an hour ago. The classroom is still half empty. Although half of the class is here, they don’t look like awake. Most of them look like zombies. The above scenario is a common condition taken place in colleges. A research done by Tsui,YY, et al (2009) shows that two thirds of the participating students reported sleep deprivation. The poor sleep quality results in their zombie looks and poor attendantsRead MoreSleep Deprivation of College Students1182 Words   |  5 PagesSleep Deprivation of college students It is 11:30 in the morning and the lecture started half an hour ago. The classroom is still half empty. Although half of the class is here, they don’t look like awake. Most of them look like zombies. The above scenario is a common condition taken place in colleges. A research done by Tsui,YY, et al (2009) shows that two thirds of the participating students reported sleep deprivation. The poor sleep quality results in their zombie looks and poor attendants inRead MoreSleep Deprivation On College Students1468 Words   |  6 PagesSleep Deprivation in College Students According to the Google definition, sleep is a condition of body and mind such as that which typically recurs for several hours every night. While the nervous system is relatively inactive, the eyes close, the postural muscles relax, and consciousness is practically suspended. It has been proven by researchers at sleepfoundation.org that one of the vital roles of sleep is to help us solidify our memories. As we go about our day, our brains take in an incredibleRead MoreEssay on Sleep Deprivation in College Students1144 Words   |  5 Pagesto ask them what the cause of their restlessness was, the popular statement would be a lack of sleep. However, most would not dare to think that a lack of sleep could cause multiple issues in everyday life. This problem has been seen to peak during the good ole college days. It is hard to imagine that those days of all-night cramming sessions and those late nights partying causing students to be sleep deprived could lead to a variety of problems like stress, long term insomnia, and a weakened immuneRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pages Sleep deprivation is a frequent obstacle that many college students in America face. Insomnia in college students can have an immense impact on psychological and physical health, which greatly influence academic success. Research shows that 70% of college students qualify as sleep deprived. Sleep deprivation has also been linked with several diseases/disorders, including: depression, anxiety, and obesity. Our research question investigated how sleep deprivation in college students affectsRead MoreSleep Deprivation Among College Students1146 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Sleep deprivation among college students. Specific Purpose: To persuade my peers to get a sufficient amount of sleep. Central Idea: Sleep deprivation among college students can lead to poor performance and health problems, so finding ways to sleep more can help improve your sleeping habits. INTRODUCTION Attention-getter: Think of this scenario. It is Thursday night. You have an English paper due the next day at 9:00 in the morning and you have barely even thought about what your topic shouldRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students1217 Words   |  5 Pages Although acquiring the basic amount of sleep seems to be an easy task, college students are struggling to snag even a couple hours of sleep, thus significantly affecting their four domains of development during a crucial developmental period in their lives. College students are going through the development period, Emerging Adulthood, which is from the ages of 18 to 25 years old. During this period of time, adolescents tend to focus on their self-development and discover their identity and the fourRead MoreSpeech On Sleep Deprivation And College Students1305 Words   |  6 PagesDilan Behrle Topic: Sleep Deprivation Organization: Topically Specific Purpose: Sleep and college students usually don’t tend to get along very well. Sleep and college life often bump heads due to stress, coursework and social activities. This speech will give the students useful information about dangers of not getting enough sleep and also hints on how to get a better nights sleep. INTRODUCTION A. Attention Getter: Did you know 40% of Americans or (100 million people) are moderatelyRead MoreEssay On Sleep Deprivation In College Students794 Words   |  4 PagesSleep Deprivation in College Students College students all over America struggle with one consistent problem: sleep deprivation. As one may have guessed, it is one of the main complaints heard coming from most young adults. There are many things that are known to cause sleep deprivation, especially when it comes to college life. Between keeping up grades and maintaining a social life, it is difficult for students to stay well rested. According to â€Å"Causes and Consequences of Sleepiness Among College

Evaluation of Self Help Group Free Essays

Abstract The increased dependence of modern agriculture on fossil fuel-based energy, while reducing drudgery, simultaneously increases the risk of the farmer to fluctuations in fuel prices. Labour costs have also risen sharply in recent times forcing farmers to go in for mechanization. The increased frequency of extreme weather events like droughts, floods, heat-waves and cold-spells being witnessed and attributed to climate change, are also causing frequent losses to farmers. We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluation of Self Help Group or any similar topic only for you Order Now Any strategy in agriculture, therefore, should address these key challenges of land degradation, water availability, energy requirement and labour costs. Conservation agriculture addresses all these key challenges. Zero tillage (ZT) or no-tillage one of the vital approaches of conservation agriculture is now being practiced on almost 100 million ha area worldwide with the major countries being USA, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and Australia. However, the adoption of the technology in Asian countries has been low. The modern concept of ZT tends to imply seeding a crop mechanically in undisturbed soil-covered plant residues. By adopting the zero-tillage system, some of the countries have reportedly got substantial benefits in terms of grain production, revenue generation and environmental protection. Less tillage of the soil reduces labour, fuel, irrigation and machinery costs. In India, efforts to adapt and promote resource conservation technologies have been underway for nearly a decade but it is only in the past 4 to 5 years that the technologies are finding rapid acceptance by the farmers. In India spread of technologies is taking place in the irrigated regions in the Indo-Gangetic plains where rice-wheat cropping system dominates. ZT systems have not been tried or promoted in other major agro-eco regions like rainfed semi-arid tropics, the arid regions or the mountain agro-ecosystems. As sustainable agriculture becomes more popular, monetary grants and awards are becoming readily available to farmers who practice conservation tillage. Some large energy corporations which are among the greatest generators of fossil-fuel-related pollution are willing to purchase carbon credits to encourage farmers to engage in conservation tillage. The farmers’ land essentially becomes a carbon sink for the power generators’ emissions. This helps the farmer in several ways, and it helps the energy companies meet demands for reduction of pollution. Thus becoming a source of conserving energy in agriculture as it is certain that the way we approach energy, the way we produce, extract and consume it, will determine the future shape of life on earth. There is need of policy initiatives to be adopted to felicitate adaptation to climate change in India like promotion of incentives for good agriculture practices like zero tillage, residue management, cover crops etc that promotes carbon sequestration and reduce emission of GHGs and providing subsidies for these practices in potential regions. Therefore, socially applicable schemes and policies on conservation agriculture is needed to promote a balanced trade-off ensuring functional resilience of the ecosystem. How to cite Evaluation of Self Help Group, Papers

Changes in Music free essay sample

Opera was no longer a luxury afforded only by the aristocracy, it was now open to the general public, who went to hear the beautiful arias in particular. The previous musical style had been quite simple. The arias in Cassinis Eel Uneven Masque are characteristic of the style that was present at the beginning of the seventeenth century. Canine himself named them Cantonese a us did aria, which suggests a relationship between the poetry and the music. The poems are all strophic and they are set for solo voice along with a continuo accompaniment.They have quite a lot of ornamentation. The strophic aria was common during the first half of the seventeenth century. The majority of them were In a recitative style but some of them made use of regular rhythmic patterns. Most arias from Venice before 1660 are in either triple time or a mixture of triple and duple, and they had four or more verses. The vast majority of them had a continuo accompaniment, along with instrumental riotousness between verses. These arias in which instruments would appear between verses or accompanied the voice were known as aria concentrate.They first appeared in the 1 asss and grew in popularity a little as the century went n, although they did not come into prominence until the time of the opera series. They tended to be accompanied by the strings and the continuo, sometimes with an added trumpet. In Italy especially, the aria became the supreme expression of musical style and development. During the first three quarters of the century, Venetian opera became the catalyst for the development of Baroque musical styles and by the end of the century, opera had become the most important form of musical expression all over Europe, including places such as Germany.It was usual practice to have approximately twenty-four arias in an opera during the first half of the seventeenth century, but due to the pu blic demand for arias, it was now common to have up to sixty arias in any given opera. Composers and librettists thus needed to respond to the demand for arias and recitatives. They rose to this challenge by writing their verses in such a way that made them more suitable for arias, and whenever the dialogue or the scene provided an opportunity, composers would write aria-Like lyrical expansions. 4 Strophic arias, in which a number of verses were sung to the same music, However, times were changing.Previous to this, the focus of the aria had been on the Norms, and the music was composed to add dramatic effect to the lyrics. But now composers were becoming much more inventive with their own music. Their concern for the form of the music was beginning to outweigh their concern for the drama. They began to care less and less about the poetry and they were discovering purely musical ways to dramatist and define the aria. They became much more aware of Nor painting and of composing the music so that the theme would be evident. Thus the themes became much more substantial and original.This became noticeable particularly around the sasss. The previous triple time which had been favored, Nas now being replaced with common time. More and more frequently, the continuo Mould begin a theme, which would be repeated by the vocalist and then the two Mould engage in a simple form of counterpoint. However, sometimes it was the voice that began, and it would begin with a dominating fugue which the entire aria was then based on. This was known as motto aria and was common in the sasss and the sasss. Composers were beginning to feel that the strophic aria was too long.They felt that it was sufficient to repeat particular lines of the poem a number of times, instead of having long verses. They now turned towards a different form of aria, Inch consisted of one strophe with an integrated musical repeat. The first and second half of the poem would have separate pieces of music, but then the first half Nas repeated again. This produced an ABA form, which came to be known as the dad capo aria. This form of aria became by far the most frequently used and by 1680 had gained a position of dominance, particularly in Venice, which was still the centre of peer.It was the culmination of a long search for strong musical character and was perfect for musical drama, as although they tended to be quite short, each section Nas exactly the right length to sufficiently portray the emotion of the piece. The majority of arias during this time period were based on rhythms from the march, segue, serenade or minuets, although there were also others that were based on station bass patterns and instrumental retelling. Towards the end of the century, the running bass accompaniment was also used, which consisted of eighth notes laded in a flowing movement.When one is studying the development of the aria and the recitative from this period, there is one opera that cannot be overlooked. It is, of course, Poppa by Monteverdi. This opera marked a definitive step In the establishment of modern opera6. Monteverdi shows strong evidence of being influenced by contemporary dramatic style. There is practically no sign of the chorus. Arias and recitatives, along Ninth madrigal style duets, make up the majority of the opera. He demonstrated through the music a strong sense of passion and drama.He refused to confine myself to the typical rules and conventions of composers at the time. Instead, he focused himself fully on each dramatic spectacle and wrote the music accordingly. He employed the recitative as the main source of drama and emotion, with the aria simply sustaining the power that had already been portrayed through the recitative. The word recitative literally means to recite and is essentially a form of sung dialogue. A rough form of recitative was around as early as 1626, but it only became clearly defined during the seventeenth century.The general style of the recitative has en compared to Greek music, psalmists chant and the singing of poetry to standard formulas, as stated by Claude V. Papilla. However, it is like none of these, as it focuses strongly on the meaning of the poetry which it is attempting to convey. Before the year 1650, the recitative was employed to portray the moment of the most passion and emotion. However, throughout the course of the seventeenth century, the aria became more dominant and the recitative was used as a kind of prologue to set the scene.It was based on choral harmony and controlled dissonance, and it allowed the natural rhythmic inflections and accentuations of speech. Its magic was in the fact that it was at times free form and at times controlled by harmony and measured rhythm. It was Peer who came up with the idea to try freeing the voice from the accompaniment both rhythmically and harmonically, yet still retain a sense of musicality and coherence. He desperately wished to discover a compromise between the sustained, measured fluidness of song and the quick, natural inflections of speech. He employed word painting to portray particular emotions and feelings.For example, if he wished to convey despair, he reached for a higher pitch, while if he Noshed to portray death or depression, he made use of the lower register. In comparison to this, Cassinis version of the recitative was much sweeter in tone and they were often separated by arias. Monteverdi recitative closer to the style of Perils, as he focused on the natural speech inflections of the poems. The main pauses took place at irregular intervals of time, although he maintained a more continuous line and rhythm than Perl. He also chose many dissonant tones in order to better convey he emotion of the words.This harmonically diverse, melodically expressive8 recitative gave way to a number of different conventions by the end of the seventeenth century. This carefully notated rhythmic form of recitative was replaced by a quicker form, which consisted mainly of quavers, with added semiquavers and crotchets occasionally. Recitatives were nearly always sung by a solo singer. There Nerve a few odd occasions, especially towards the end of the seventeenth century, in Inch recitatives in two parts could be found, but these were extremely rare and not at all common practice.There were noticeable differences between the styles of recitative in Italy, France, Germany and England. The French form of recitative was based around loose, free rhythmic patterns, as it was modeled on the spoken theatre of the time. The Italian recitative was strongly accentuated at punctuation marks and had a less flowing melodic style than the French form. The German recitative was largely based on the historian, which involved chanting biblical text. Finally, in England, the recitative was closer to the arioso than it was to any of the other styles of recitative that were merging from the other countries.Changes of mood and feeling through the striking harmony and rhythm. There were two particular types of recitative emerging, the recitative simple, later known as the recitative cosec and the recitative obbligato, later known as the recitative accompanist. The former was accompanied by a basso continuo and attempted to portray the piece as speech like as possible. The latter made use of other features, such as an orchestra to help dramatist particular moments and punctuate phrases. Ere orchestra tended to sustain chords or play scales and short melodic fugues.In France, Lully was perfecting his own style of recitative. This also had two particular forms. The first was the rcitation simple, which involved shifting the meter between duple and triple time. The other form of recitative was the rcitation measure, which Nas a little bit more song like and had a measured, deliberate accompaniment. As Claude V. Papilla states, consonant, rapid, speech like recitative delivered the exposition necessary to the presentation of the next attractions, be it lyrical aria, chorus, or dance. The recitative became the method in which to convey the dialogue. E dryness of the recitative lent prominence to the arias. A good example of a typical opera from this time period was Glancing Felicia by Carlo Francesco Pollard. It consisted of a clearly separated recitative and aria, each of these following the established conventions. The dialogue is in plain recitative Introit Melissa or other such variations. We can witness the start of the aria through the shift to rhymed, steadily rhythmic verse, and the arias are almost always found at the end of scenes. In conclusion, I believe that the seventeenth century was a time of great change n music, particularly in opera.

Away By Kristi Hewitt Essays - Coral Reefs, Coral, Away,

Away By Kristi Hewitt Throughout "Away" many characters go through changes, Gwen changes from a nagging housewife into a sympathetic and more balanced individual. Roy goes from being very insecure about life to knowing how to deal with his problems and live life as it comes. Coral, is also very insecure about life after the death of her son, she is longing for attention and doesn't know how to be around people. By the end of the play she is at least trying to be social and be around people. At the beginning of the play Gwen is a nagging housewife. She is always right, well she thinks she is anyway. She changes into a more sympathetic and balanced individual. Vic has showed her to put love, not possessions and status, first. She was obsessed with orderliness and comfort because of her deprived childhood. This has ruined her relationships with her husband and Daughter. Towards the end of the play Gwen hears of Tom's illness (Leukemia) this turns her towards more humane and fitting values. Gwen at the Beginning: Act 2 Scene 2 "Well do you think they'll pack themselves?" "Do you think holidays happen on their own?" to Gwen at the end: Act 4 Scene 1 "What do you think of me? You must hate me? Why do you still bother?" Roy goes from being in complete denial as he lost his son in the Vietnam War to being a little more caring and understanding toward others. He doesn't talk to his wife Coral very much except to patronize her and give her lectures about"snapping out of it" his insensitivity extends Coral Grief period beyond what it need be. He threatens her with Electro-compulsive therapy (a physical horror to follow her mental one.) This forces Coral into total isolation and to run away. By the end of the play Roy is seeking for forgiveness, as well as love and reconciliation from Coral. (When he kisses her hands.) Roy at the Beginning: Act1 Scene 3 " I thought I told you to stay in the car!" to Roy at the end: Act 3 Scene 3 " Coral? Sweetheart? Come back to the party." Coral was deep in grief at the beginning of the play, her worldview was distorted by the pain she can not escape. Her husband Roy is of little help, so she turned to others in hope of their willingness to help. The substitute son Rick and to some extent Tom. The play "The stranger on the shore" helps express her predicament and the taking of belief in life that she has found. In the end she is finally reunited with Roy and this changes her life. She begins to over her grief and live life as it comes. Coral at the start: Act 2 Scene 3 "I don't ignore anyone." To Coral at the end: Act 3 Scene 3 " I like to talk." Everyone goes through changes thoughout their lives some are noticeable and some are not so noticeable. Some changes are drastic and some are only minor. You can never know when someone will change it just happens. We all change at different stages of our lives.

Unknown Bacteria Lab Report Essays

Unknown Bacteria Lab Report Essays Unknown Bacteria Lab Report Paper Unknown Bacteria Lab Report Paper Not all of these tests were performed on every culture, as some were used only for gram positive or gram active bacteria. The tests performed and what constituted a positive or negative test are as follows: Lab day 1; today in lab we obtained the unknown mixed culture 041 and one brain-heart infusion agar (BAA). The first step was the preparation of the medium, the bottom of the BAA dish was labeled with the bacterium number, initials, and section; then divided into four quadrants. The second step, we used the septic technique to transfer a small amount of culture with a flame-sterilized inoculating loop to the first quadrant, flamed and cooled the loop again then transferred a small amount of the culture from the first truant to the second using the quadrant streaking method as illustrated on page 18 of the lab manual, repeating this process until all four quadrants were properly streaked. Lab day 2; we collected our BAA medium and began by identifying the morphology and cell-to cell arrangements of the colonies. Two different colonies were observed, the first colony was yellow in color and larger in size and the white colored colony was slightly smaller in size. As instructed, each colony was prepared for gram staining, one slide for the large yellow colony and one for the smaller white colony. After properly gram staining the slides as directed in chapter six of the lab manual, the smears were examined under the microscope. The findings concluded that the smaller white colony stained purple, signifying that this culture was a gram positive bacterium, with the morphology of grape-like clusters such as staphylococcus. The larger yellow colony stained pink with the morphology of rod shaped bacterium, which indicates this bacterium to be gram negative. To isolate the two unknown microorganisms for further testing, another BAA medium was obtained, the bottom of the dish was vided into two sections and the lawn streaking procedure was performed, as illustrated on page 12 of the lab manual. One side of the BAA medium was inoculated with the gram positive Cisco and the other side with the gram negative unknown bacteria, completing this section of lab by placing the labeled medium into the ICC incubator for 48 hours. Laboratory day 3; a series of tests that were specific to the unknown gram negative and gram positive cultures were performed. Only two tests were necessary for the gram negative bacteria, which included the Underwrote II and the Indolent Dressily test card. Because immediate exults would be obtained from the Dressily test, this experiment was performed first by using a flame-sterilized and cooled inoculating loop to transfer a small growth from the gram negative colony to a clean reaction area of the test card. After 30 seconds, a pink color in this area was observed, indicating a positive result for indolent, the positive result was documented. After properly inoculating the Underwrote II as instructed by our lab instructor, the tube was labeled and placed it in the ICC incubator for 24 hours. There were six different test media that were performed on the gram positive bacteria, starting with the inoculation f the imitation salt agar (MASS) dish, using a flame-sterilized and cooled transfer loop. Two loop transfers of our isolated gram positive bacterium were placed onto the surface of the agar, applying the quadrant streaking technique as illustrated on page 18 of the lab manual, labeled our medium and placed it into the ICC incubator for growth and interpretation. On the sheep blood agar (SABA), the flame-sterilized and cooled loop was used to transfer two loops of the gram positive bacteria to the media. Only one-half of the plate was streaked, the inoculating loop was again and a small portion of the culture from the iris quadrant was used to streak the second quadrant, repeating this step to inoculate the remaining quadrant. Using ethanol-flamed forceps, one Backtracking and one Optician disk were transferred onto the one-half quadrant, spacing the two disks approximately two centimeters apart. In the last step, a flame-sterilized and cooled transfer loop was used to place three stab marks into the second quadrant the SABA media, labeled the dish and placed into the ICC incubator for 48 hours. The Dense dish was spot inoculated by transferring one loop of the gram positive bacteria with the flame-sterilized and cooled inoculating pop to the center of the plate, the media was labeled and placed it into the ICC incubator for growth and future interpretation. The labeled Intercourse fiscals (FEE) broth tube was inoculated as well as the 6. 5%NCAA broth tube by removing the caps from the tubes and placing one loop of gram positive culture into each tube with the flame-sterilized and cooled inoculating loop, mixed the culture in to the broth and replaced the caps. After labeling the bile esculents agar (BEA) slant tube, the cap was removed, one loop of gram positive Cisco was placed into the bottom corner of the slanted agar and the culture was streaked upward, towards the top of the agar, the cap was replaced and all three tubes were placed into the ICC incubator for growth and future analysis. For the final test, two drops of hydrogen peroxide (H2O) were placed on the isolated colony of the BAA medium, observed immediate formation of bubbles, as 02 was produced indicating a positive test for catalane. Final lab day four; the test media were collected for explanation and interpretation, the results are as listed: Gram Negative Intercontinental Dressily test card Positive (+) slide took on a pink color Underwrote II identification system Glucose Positive (+) color changed from red to yellow Lysine Positive (+) color changed from yellow to purple Ernestine change HAS Negative (-) no color change Indolent Positive (+) Admonition Negative (-) no color change Negative (-) no color Lactose Positive (+) color changed from red to yellow Rabbinate Positive (+) color changed from red to yellow Servitor Positive (+) color changed from red to yellow Dilution Negative (-) no color change Appalachian- Negative (-) no color change dominate Urea Negative (-) no color change Citrate color change Unknown 041 Gram Negative is Escherichia coli Gram Positive Cisco BAA (color) White BAA(colony size) Small Catalane Positive (+)formation of bubbles observed Dense Negative (-) no visible reaction to HCI N egative (-) no MASS (growth) Positive (+)visible bacterial growth observed MASS(imitation) Positive (+)partial color/pH change from red to yellow SABA(hemolytic) Gamma (y )no homologies produced Backtracking Negative (-) no zone of inhibition Optician Negative (-) no zone of inhibition Bile Esculents Negative (-) no color change FEE Medium Negative (-) no color change 65% NCAA Positive (+)broth appeared cloudy *Unknown 041 Gram Positive Cisco is Staphylococcus epidermises Discussion The identification of the unknown intercontinental 041 was fairly easy. Once the unknown had been identified as gram positive using a gram stain, there were only two tests used to narrow down the microbes identity. Based on the positive indolent test results, the bacteria identification was limited to two possibilities, either Escherichia coli or Protests vulgarism. After carefully interpreting and recording the results from the Underwrote II and completing the customs key, the gram negative unknown was determined to be Escherichia coli. Identifying our gram positive unknown was a little more difficult due to the extent and various media tests that were involved. However, the positive test results observed for catalane, imitation, 6. 5%NCAA and the fact that there were no homologies produced on the sheep-blood agar (SABA), made it evident that the gram positive unknown was Staphylococcus epidermises. Conclusion The determination of the unknown mix culture 041 was achieved by using a variety of differentiation tests.

Business Data Communication and Networking Term Paper

Business Data Communication and Networking - Term Paper Example This will be achieved by identifying the scalability of the Wide Area Network and understand its nature. This will also include the connectivity of the vast distances that are within the headquarters of Paris, Tokyo, Los Angeles and New York. The network to be considered will depend on the flow of the network, and the number of errors that can be made in the network connection. With the wide area network, the network will be so fast and be of effective when transferring data and information. There will be a lot of connections within the network including the physical flow of the network, circuit switching, switching of the messages and packages and the development of the Wide area network to be used(Tony 2003). With the wide area network, the flow of the network will depend on the methods used for the information and data transportation. There are a number of networks to be involved in the connections between the headquarters. At the same time, the administrators on each of the office departments in the four headquarters will be able to have a good security measures on the network and be able to monitor the entire traffic, growth and the problems. The network will be required to transfer the information and data in form of data packets in all the offices of the company. With the circuit and message switching, the company will be able to have the data transferred at ease without any problem and be provided quickly without any problem. Another reason for the architecture is that information to be transferred within the offices need to remain original without being distorted in any form (Tony 2003). The information should remain in the same situation when sent from the sender to the recipient . When the numerous problems and attacks face the data being transferred, the network structure will be able to protect the information and offer security and make the network to reach at a safer position. The network will also have another sub networks that will be

Lingustics, Education, Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Lingustics, Education, Psychology - Essay Example In fact, it can be said that child starts learning right from the womb where they have been acutely active listeners where they learned to recognize the speech patterns, tunes and tones of the languages especially of the mother and other people in the home (The National Literacy Trust, 2007). Though most children begin to vocalize and gradually verbalize at different ages and at different rates, the first language acquisition generally happens without much conscious instruction from parents or caretakers. The complexity and difficulty increases with increase in age (Wikipedia, 2007). In education and psychology, learning theories aid in understanding the process of learning which is also applicable to language development. There are basically three main perspectives in learning theories, constructivism, cognitivism and behaviorism. Constructivism views learning as a process in which the learner actively constructs or builds new ideas or concepts based upon current and past knowledge. In other words, "learning involves constructing one's own knowledge from one's own experiences". Constructivist learning, is, therefore, a very personal effort, whereby internalized concepts, rules, and general principles may reasonably be applied in a practical real-world context. Behaviourism is another educational theory based on the works of B. F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov. According to the behaviorists believe, organisms need reinforcements to keep them interested and that the use of stimuli can be very effective in controlling behavior.

Grossman's Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography, and Intervention Essay

Grossman's Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography, and Intervention - Essay Example The researcher states that cardiac telemetry helps in diagnosing the yield of arrhythmia and manages therapeutic caused by the consumption of antiarrhythmic drugs. They expected for arrhythmias to occur during post angiogram at approximately two hours. The cardiologists examined the condition of softness particularly on the femoral vein and the neurovascular observations as well as the rate of bleeding on both legs of the patient in every hour of operation. It suggests that Popliteral Femoralie maybe had experienced numbness in his legs which could have resulted from the failure of blood supply through lunar or radial arteries. Since the cardiologists observed on femoral veins, therefore, they mostly focused on lunar artery which is located in the legs. During angioplasty, femoral angiography is more efficient than radial angiography and this case that is why the cardiologists opt to do it on the patients’ legs where the lunar artery is located. Cardiologists seem to have inse rted the catheter through the lunar artery which is mostly associated with a lot of bleeding. Lidocaine is usually injected into patient’s body in either through the arm or the upper leg close to the hip. It numbs the body but does not make the patient to sleep. The catheter is threaded up to the heart through an artery with no pain. An x-ray camera although not mentioned, in this case, can assist in projecting images of the arteries on the screen where cardiologists can intervene about the obstruction in the artery. A contrast is later injected for it to flow up to the heart. If an impasse is found, a guide-wire is usually passed crosswise the narrowed segment which supports in placing a tiny balloon in that region. An inserted balloon catheter is later inflated many times where it flattens lamination inside an artery where the artery may crack, and the blockage is gone.

Relationship Between Leadership And Management

Relationship Between Leadership And Management Management can be defined as getting things done through others on the other hand, Leadership may be defined as the process of influencing behavior of an individual or group regardless of reasons, it may be for ones own goal or a friends goals and may or may not be congruent with organization goals. While learning the link between management and leadership, I should consider the difference between both of these. A manager has to perform all the functions of management such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling Leadership functions come under directing through which behavior is directed to get maximum use of subordinates ability Thus leadership is a part of management not all of it. This implies that strong leader can be a weak manager because weak in planning or some other managerial function. The reverse is also possible. Therefore Management and leadership are highly interconnected. One without another is not healthy for an organization. As per kotter (1990) says that managing seeks to produce predictability and order, where as leading seeks to produce organised change. Both rules are necessary but the problems can occur if an appropriate balance is not maintained. Too much emphasis on the managing role can be discouraged risk taking and bureaucracy without a clear purpose. In PAPA JOHN, I can notice some of these conditions mentioned above. The newly appointed manager in papa john is very efficient in planning the things and his analytical thoughts make him an eminent manager in this industry but unfortunately he is not having some leadership requirements i.e. he does not usually motivate the employees intrinsically. Last month my colleague, who is in delivery department, had achieved 100 percent accuracy in delivery but he was only given with incentives there were no appreciations from the manager but the earlier manager used to appreciate lot and make the achiever fully motivated. Lack of intrinsic motivation reduced employees involvement in the organization. So they just come, work and move. This culture should not have encouraged. Since the manager doesnt think about these things, subsequently he had to face a serious labour problem. When the organization was in need of labors to work on a Christmas holiday, they refused work because the rapport be tween the manager and employee was very low. They dont have any value on the organization. That ended up with NO VALUE CREATION on the employees towards the organization. 1.2 Impact Of Management And Leadership Styles On Strategic Decisions In this competitive world, strategic decisions play a significant role in the organization. Anyway, the decisions are taken by managers so the manager must posses the skills which is essential for decision making Whenever a new strategy is imposed, the subordinates reaction is inevitable. The manager must forecast the reactions before implementing the new strategy otherwise a serious problem may arise in the organization that would definitely affect the relationship between the manager and subordinates. For instance, IN Papa johns, the production manager made a strategic decision to avoid late delivery in the organization but the delivery boys didnt follow the new rules and regulation. So he has to be a very strict with these labour.. They subsequently decided to move out the organization that creates the attrition in the organization. The manager should develop an appropriate leadership style which is pertinent to the current decision. Here the manager should have developed PARTICIPATIVE STYLE of leadership which could help employer to motivate the employees rather than making them moving out from the organization. 1.3 leadership style can be adapted to different situations Leadership styles should co-ordinate with the situations to make effective implementation of decisions.Here are some leadership styles and situations. Leadership Situations Autocratic leadership The working environment where responsibility, efforts are low. The group may neglect the ultimate responsibility that would destroy the whole organizations culture. Participative The group of employees newly enters in organization. The working environment that needs high motivation, interactions and team work. A positive drive should be stimulated. Free-rein leadership The environment where the employees are highly matured and self motivated. There are two big extremes Boss centered leadership and subordinate centered leaderships. Both are highly required in the organization to fulfill its situational needs. So a manager should be cautious in selecting the leadership style on the basis of the condition of the organization. IN Papa johns, the leadership style is highly task oriented. Only target achievers get incentive based benefits no appreciation. Because of this, only few employees are motivated. Many of the employees are not motivated. Eventually labor problem is a big issue in the organization. The organization has to face labour turnover problem, downward trend in performance and labour and manager relationship problems. At this situation, the management should adapt participative style of leadership so that the relationship between manager and employees can be developed. Task 2 2.1 The Impact of The Blake Mouton Managerial Grid Leadership Theory On The Papa Johns Theory one: the Blake Mouton Managerial Grid In the 1940s, in an attempt to identify the behavioral characteristics of successful leaders, Blake and Mouton identified two fundamental drivers of managerial behavior: the concern for getting the job done, and the concern for people doing the work. The Impoverished or the Indifferent Style (Low Production / Low People) A delegate-and-disappear management style. A basically lazy approach. The manager shows a low concern for both people and production. Country Club Style (Low Production / High People) One-sided, thoughtful attention to the needs of employees. The relationship-oriented manager has a high concern for people, but a low concern for production. He pays much attention to the security and comfort of the employees Produce, Dictatorial or Perish Style (High Production / Low People) An authoritarian or compliance leader. A task-oriented manager, he has a high concern for production and a low concern for people. He finds employee needs unimportant and simply a means to an end. The Middle-of-the-road or The Status-quo Style (Medium Production / Medium People) Balance and compromise The manager tries to balance between the competing goals of the company and the needs of the workers The Team or Sound Style (High Production / High People). Contribute and commit. It is the ultimate. The manager pays high concern to both people and production. Motivation is high In PAPA JOHN PIZZA task oriented leadership strategy is followed. The manager is highly conscious about productivity and business. There is no consideration for labours grievance. Since the labours are available in stages, the manager can easily fine the labour for any vacancy so he never tend to build rapport with the labours. Furthermore there is team work is encouraged employees are not motivated enough in the organization. Once my colleague suffered from a serious ill and he took a week of unannounced holiday. Even though it is his mistake taking unannounced leave, he approached the manager and explained the reasons for the unannounced leave but the manager was not ready to listen his words straight away he refused his reasons and eliminated his service that was a worse case so almost all the employees hate his way of rudeness towards employees. that made a bad impression on the management so the employees have on the manager and organization so whenever they meet with an opportu nity. They quit the job and move out. This is the serious concern for the manager now. So now he has to change his leadership level from High Production / Low People to High Production / High People to achieve a long run leadership development strategy. Theory two: The Five-Factor Theory of Personality Both Cattells and Eysencks theory have been the subject of considerable research, which has led some theorists to believe that Cattell focused on too many traits, while Eysenck focused on too few. As a result, a new trait theory often referred to as the Big Five theory emerged. This  five-factor model of personality  represents five core traits that interact to form human personality. While researchers often disagree about the exact labels for each dimension, the following are described most commonly: Extraversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Neuroticism Openness Introversion/Extraversion: Introversion involves directing attention on inner experiences, while extraversion relates to focusing attention outward on other people and the environment. So, a person high in introversion might be quiet and reserved, while an individual high in extraversion might be sociable and outgoing. Neuroticism/Emotional Stability: This dimension of Eysencks trait theory is related to moodiness versus even-temperedness. Neuroticism refers to an individuals tendency to become upset or emotional, while stability refers to the tendency to remain emotionally constant. Psychoticism: Later, after studying individuals suffering from mental illness, Eysenck added a personality dimension he called psychoticism to his trait theory. Individuals who are high on this trait tend to have difficulty dealing with reality and may be antisocial, hostile, non-empathetic and manipulative.4 In papa johns the manager is Neurotic type of behavior so he doesnt extend friendly relationship with the employees instead he speaks professionally. That makes employees fed up with his behaviors in the organization. This shows the character of the manager is to moodiness versus even-temperedness. Neuroticism refers to an individuals tendency to become upset or emotional, while stability refers to the tendency to remain emotionally constant. 2.2 Leadership Strategy That Supports Organizational Directions Vision of my organization (PAPAJOHNS) PAPA JOHNS is in the expansion path. It spreads its franchises in many places and now the organization has a vision of becoming a well rounded multi national company and greater value creation among the employees and customers. Strategy to achieve the vision To achieve greater value creation among the employee, the organization has to develop the people oriented leadership that favors the employees to take part in the success of the organization. When the employees feel that they work for a organization which concerns a lot for them. The key points to achieve this Provide better working conditions Appreciations that motivates the employees Developing synergy in the work Creating employee orientations for making the awareness of change in the organization. Participative kind of leadership that allows employees to explore their views on the organizations. Building good relationship between manager and employees. After implementing these strategies the organization should have good monitoring to control if any changes persist.

car wash :: essays research papers

I for one think that driving a car is fun. I also think that during the hot summer, when you are out in the sun, it is nice to get a little damp and cool off. Driving convertibles is also good in the summer if you have the top down, so you get a chilled breeze through your hair. And since I like those things you would think that being a little damp would help someone stay cool and having fun in the sun while driving your convertible. But I found out that people don’t appreciate you helping them stay cool and moisturized while they are driving in the ferocious sun. As it turns out, most people; or a 25 year old male with dark hair, a dark complexion, and a red convertible, don’t like you assisting them in the process of beating the heat. They find it quite rude actually, especially when they are driving in their nice new car. I for one, would especially appreciate some hooligan kids hitting me with a water balloon to cool me down. A splendid display of human kindness if I was driving in ninety degree weather. Not to mention the fact that there would be a blazing sun that would be beating down on my neck constantly. Also I would, and did find it quite funny. It was the summer of my eighth grade year. Alex, Rudy and I were bored rigid. We could find nothing to do in my room or my house. We had already rode our bikes, played Nintendo, and trashed my room. Then we saw them. They came to us vivid and glowing. The answer to all of our problems. No longer would we be jaded, but we would rise up off the couch and enjoy ourselves. While at the same time doing our fellow humans that happened to drive by us a favor. We picked up the balloons and filled the tub, we were going ballooning. All three of us grabbed a 20 gallon bucket from the garage, and loaded it up with thirteen or fourteen balloons. We drug them painfully, as we had filled them up with too much water, to our campsite in the shade. After a couple of missed shots, our one chance for the ultimate "favor" came to us. Coming towards us at a whopping 25 miles per hour, the red convertible drove nearer towards us, and our desire to help a fellow human being got stronger.